Research Directions in Quantum Cryptography and Quantum Key Distribution

Quantum cryptography is an approach to securing communications by applying the phenomena of quantum physics. Quantum cryptography provides secure communication whose security depends only on the validity of quantum theory. Interesting characteristics of quantum mechanics includes the existence of indivisible quanta and of entangled systems, both of which lie at the root of the quantum cryptography (QC). QC is one of the few commercial applications of quantum physics at the single quantum level. Computers and Telecommunications system would become safe havens for criminal activity. Even may himself unknowns that crypto anarchy provides a means for tax evasion money laundering, espionage (with digital dead drops), contract killings, and implementation of data havens for Monitoring and marketing illegal or controversial material. Encryption also threatens national Security by interfering with foreign intelligence operations.